In emergency preparedness, which phase focuses on planning and resource development before an incident?

• A. Response
• B. Preparedness
• C. Mitigation
• D. Recovery

Answer: (B)

Preparedness centers on planning and building the resources needed before an incident occurs. It involves developing emergency plans, training personnel, stocking supplies, establishing mutual aid and communication systems, and conducting drills to ensure readiness. By focusing on these pre-incident activities, this phase enables rapid, coordinated action when an incident happens.

In contrast, the response phase activates during an incident to protect life and property, recovery focuses on restoring operations after the event, and mitigation aims to reduce risks and potential impacts before an incident—though mitigation is about hazard reduction rather than the comprehensive planning and resource development emphasized by preparedness.